Oct 21~24, 2023【晚秋の贅沢な山旅 PART①】從名古屋搭車至長野|在北阿爾卑斯山麓的文藝小鎮信濃大町散步、品嚐美味的炸豬排定食和咖啡

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今年10月下旬,趁著深秋季節,請了兩天特休假,飛往日本中部北陸地區,探訪兩處幾年前就想去的地方。其中一處是位於 新潟縣 和 長野縣 交界處的日本百名山【 雨飾山(Mt. Amakazari) 】,10月中下旬的紅葉全盛期,是造訪這座 日本百名山 的最佳時間點,且因爲海拔高度只有兩千公尺左右,相比三千公尺級的 北阿爾卑斯山脈 ,這裡的積雪時間略晚一些。即使到了10月下旬,只要沒有強烈冷氣團,沒有雪季登山裝備也還是能夠登頂。 另一處則是少為人知的 秋季限定路線 ,黑部峽谷【 下ノ廊下 】(下之廊下),這個地方除非是登山客,不然連一般日本人都不太普遍聽過。 下之廊下 位於 黑部大峽谷 的北部地區,因為靠近 日北海 ,冬季這裡是豪雪地帶,只有從每年9月下旬登山道的積雪完全融化後,到11月上旬左右,山區再次降雪之前,大約一個月左右的時間可以通行。 據聞2022年因融雪較慢,能通行的時間只有短短兩週,而今年則是融雪較早,9月中旬就全面開通了。前陣子9月來日本爬山時,原本就有計畫要來這裡,不過後來因為一些原因,就提前返國了。最終等到10月下旬的深秋,也盼到了連續幾日都是好天氣的日子,終於如願前來造訪! 每年10月下旬至11月上旬,是 下ノ廊下 的紅葉最盛期,也是登山客最多、最混雜的時期。其壯闊的峽谷絕景、險峻的斷崖峭壁、遠方覆上初雪的山岳景致、迷人的三段紅葉、還有途中有著被稱為「 秘湯中的秘湯 」的【 阿曾原溫泉 】,加上 一年之中只有極短時間可通行的條件 ,使得黑部峽谷【 下ノ廊下 】成為喜愛山岳之人無不嚮往造訪的山岳秘境。 黑部峽谷自古就是人跡罕至的秘境而廣為人知,江戶時代也因加賀藩的國境警備和森林管理而禁止進入,僅黑部奧山廻御用之役人在此巡邏。明治時代以後對外開放,黑部也成為眾多登山家的目標。其中,冠松次郎因致力探索峽谷而有「黑部之父」的稱號。 黑部峽谷以黑部湖(黑部水壩)為境,可分為 下之廊下 、 上之廊下 ,以及 奧之廊下 。「廊下」是山岳用語,意指「 絕壁之間的深谷 」,而「下之廊下」相當於黑部峽谷的心臟地帶,花崗岩岩壁間的激流從下游起形成白龍峽、十字峽、S字峽等景點。 由於行走於距離河面數十至上百公尺的斷崖峭壁間,許多區間寬度又十分窄小,是有點危險的路線, 每年都有人在這裡不慎摔死 (今年也不例外)。 日本國土地理院地圖(下之廊下) 據說今年秋天日本的下雨天數特別多

2D & 3D Mobile Game Engines for iOS and Android Platform

If you want to jump into making killer game for a mobile device, then you don’t want to spend time writing your own engine. Here are a few top picks for 2D and 3D mobile game engines for Apple iOS and Android platform. (include open source and commercial license):



Cocos2D
Cocos2D is an development framework for building 2D games and other graphical applications in Python. Cocos2D-iPhone offers more of the same, but focused at the iPhone and Objective C! It’s open source and makes it really easy to develop 2D games for the iPhone. There’s built-in support for physics (using Chipmunk), sprites, parallax scrolling, iPhone touch and accelerator support, texture compression, and, of course, a lot more. As you can tell from the name, Cocos2D is designed for 2D games, that being said, although the engine is in a 2D world, the engine includes a growing collection of high quality 3D special effects.

Cocos2D has been used in many games on the iPhone app store, you can visit the official site here, where many are listed.

Cocos2D is the first engine to check out, while many may be turned off by the engine not supporting a 3D world, if you look at most of the top iPhone games the gameplay is 2D, in fact the iPhone's touch screen controls can make it difficult to operate in a 3D world. More information is available on their site: http://www.cocos2d-iphone.org/ or http://code.google.com/p/cocos2d-android/.
Cost: free, MIT license
Dev. Platform: Mac or Windows





Corona SDK by Ansca Mobile
The Corona SDK is a development platform using LUA that has been used in many different iPhone and iPad games and apps.  It features high performance, and has really come a long way, and now has a very strong community.  There are numerous examples and tutorials available from Corona and other developers.  Ease of use and strong 2D performance have made Corona very popular.
http://anscamobile.com/
Cost: $99/year
Dev. Platform: Mac/Windows



Sparrow Framework
The Sparrow Framework is a very lightweight 2D game engine created in Objective-C.  Sparrow makes it possible to write fast OpenGL applications without having to touch OpenGL or pure C (but easily allowing to do so, for those who wish). It uses a tried and tested API that is easy to use and hard to misuse. The game framework includes all the necessary features you'd require for creating a basic 2D game such as easy animation, and a sound engine.
Cost: free
Dev. Platform: Mac



iTorque: Torque 2D for iPhone
This is from the makers of the famous Torque engine, and is essentially the Torque Game Builder ported to the iPhone platform.  This means that you can use the same tools as the Torque Game Builder in creating your game.  iTorque is $750 for indie developers (first $100,000).  It currently only supports 2D, but a 3D version is in development.
http://www.torquepowered.com/products/torque-2d/iphone
Cost: $750
Dev. Platform: Linux/Mac/Windows



Game Salad by GameSalad Inc.
GameSalad is a game creation software platform that lets you publish to iOS, the Mac or the Web. The software doesn’t require prior programming knowledge to work, and has already been used to make a number of hit games already available in the App Store, such as Stunt Squirrels, Bumps, Doodle Destroy and more.

This is probably the easiest game creator available on iOS if you are new to programming.  This is potentially a purely drag and drop solution, and Game Salad users are out there cranking out games like crazy which is proof of it’s ease of use.

GameSalad Basic will let you publish to Mac OS X, a Web page or iOS; the company also offers an enhanced Pro package for $499 which adds support for iAds, promotional links and “priority” technical support. Publishing to iOS devices is now free at the base level.
http://gamesalad.com/
Cost: free
Dev. Platform: Mac OS X






* Engines With 3D Game Support


Cocos3D
cocos3d is a significant extension to cocos2d, a popular, well-designed framework for building iOS games and applications that play out in 2D (or 2.5D isometric projection). Although on the one hand it is possible to start with the cocos3d Application template and develop a 3D application without knowing too much about the workings of cocos2d, to get the most out of this document, you should familiarize yourself with cocos2d.

s3d adds to this a full 3D modelling space, including 3D mesh models, perspective projection cameras, materials, and lighting. With cocos3d, you can populate your world with 3D models exported from 3D editors such as Blender, Cheetah3D, Maya, 3ds Max, and Cinema 4D, combined with models you create dynamically in your Objective-C code.

Both cocos3d and cocos2d are built on top of the OpenGL ES frameworks that runs on all iOS devices, and both are written in the native Objective-C familiar to all iOS developers. With cocos3d, you can effortlessly create a full 3D game or application without getting into the nitty-gritty needs of the OpenGL ES state machine, and without having to switch over to C or C++, as required by most other 3D frameworks. You can read the cocos3d Programming Guide for more details.

Cost: free
Dev. Platform: Mac or Windows



ShiVa by Stonetrip
ShiVa is a 3D game development platform for developing for Linux, Mac, Windows or mobile devices such as the Android, iPhone,  iPad, and Windows Phone.  ShiVa uses a player to run the game developed on the appropriate platform.  There is a Personal Learning Edition available for free to develop for Windows or Mac.  It will run on Windows or a Mac with Parallels. Scripting is done in Lua.  Stonetrip is working on a solution to the whole iOS4 issue that could keep deployment happening to the new iPhone/iPads that will put everything into compliant C/C++ code and make Apple happy.
http://www.stonetrip.com/
Cost: €169
Dev. Platform: Windows (or Mac with Parallels/VMWare Fusion).



Unity 3D by Unity
Unity 3D is the most popular commercial 3D iPhone game engine, and has been used in many games.  Initially the iPhone version had some performance complaints, but it appears as though those issues were alleviated.  Unity allows you to use an extensive 3D editor with many scripts available and there is considerable community support available.  Another nice feature recently added to unity is that it allows you to use your Objective-C code, and it is the only one of these engines that appears to do so (so you can utilize libraries of your choosing within the iPhone SDK).  Following a popular licensing scheme for game engines, you do not have to purchase the pro version ($1200) until you have over $100,000 revenue in a year (VERY attractive to those who are getting started).  If you want to port your game to the iPhone, it is currently only $300.  Again, if your company makes over $100,000, you are expected to purchase the pro version of the Unity iPhone engine for $1200.
Cost: $300
Dev. Platform: Mac or Windows


Unity3D Video Tutorial:


Airplay SDK
The Airplay SDK is a high quality 2D and 3D game framework including tools that run on both Windows and Mac OS X.  Airplay can compile to many different platforms, but most importantly for us allows you to compile and release games on the iPhone for free if the annual turnover of your business is less than $100k.  Airplay utilizes C++ and integrates with Visual Studio on Windows and Xcode on the Mac.  The feature list is extensive and Airplay updates frequently to cover new features when Apple updates their SDK.  I really can’t say anything bad about Airplay other than that the learning curve can be higher than some of the other options listed.
Cost: from $99 to $2500
Dev. Platform: Mac or Windows



Unreal Development Kit (UDK)
The Unreal Engine is legendary in the gaming industry, and their Infinity Blade game has been tremendously successful in the app store. Starting at $99 for indies the 3D engine is highly accessible to anyone. The only caveat for development on iOS is that the tools require Windows platform, so if you're a Mac OS X purist you're going to have to look elsewhere. If you want cutting edge features, want to use the same brilliant tools used in creating hits like Unreal Tournament, and Gears of War then this is it.
Cost: $300
Dev. Platform: Windows only




SIO2 Engine by SIO Interactive
The SIO2 mobile game engine is a universal OpenGL ES 1.X/2.X mobile game development platform designed for light commercial and small consumer use. It is more specifically designed to compliment single, or small teams of, developers who wish to create and sell mobile applications. SIO2 game engine supports universal iOS and iPhone development (Windows, Mac, Linux) as well as Android, webOS, and bada.

SIO2 is coded in C and C++ which allows complete manipulation and scripting options for advanced game developers. It also offers full platform support for graphics, scene management, scripting, animation, physics, audio and video, lighting and shadow and of course various platform languages.

The SIO2 game engine SDK and legacy versions of the software are available for download on the official site for free. However, full commercial licenses for game and application distribution starts at $365. It is worth noting that the SIO2 source code is available alongside additional programming options which can be purchased with or without commercial licenses.

The official SIO Interactive site offers full tutorial coding and development options for use with the actual SIO2 platform. Beginner and novice developers can also browse the getting started manual here at TheTechLabs to start coding simple games.
Cost: $365
Dev. Platform: Linux/Mac/Windows



GLBasic
The GLBasic is a suprisingly cool development tool that I found in relative obscurity.  It has been used in a number of 2D  games already, and I have seen some fairly impressive 3D work being done on this but it does not appear as though any 3D games have been released using GLBasic.
Cost: €80 for the premium version
Dev. Platform: Linux/Mac/Windows

Bork 3D Game Engine
Do you have an iPhone game project that you want to get off the ground quickly? Get a substantial leg-up by building your project on a proven foundation, the game engine that drives Anytime Golf.

The Bork3D Game Engine is touted by the developer as an engine for programmers. It does not include a wysiwig content editor or scripting langue with pre-built scripts like the Stonetrip, and Unity engines, but does support 3DSMax, Maya and Collada. The excellent Anytime Golf was created with Bork 3D which has terrific graphics.
Cost: $49 per developer Indy License / $199 for Professional License.
Dev. Platform: Linux/Mac/Windows





* Note On The Following Engines

The following engines are currently more for educational purposes than anything unless you want to do a lot of tinkering.  They are all either works in progress or not actively being worked on by their initial developers and have somewhat fallen to the wayside.  Unfortunately if you’re developing a 3D engine this is what you have to choose from as far as open source goes now.

Galaxy Game Engine
The Galaxy Game Engine is a very promising engine with an extensive feature set. From what I understand no apps have been released with this, but the project deserves some mention because of the feature set boasted by this engine, and it appears as though the developers are committed to the project.

This is a BSD licensed 3D engine that includes some very useful tools such as a level editor, terrain editor, model viewer, particle editor, and shader IDE.

Oolong Engine
The Oolong game engine is a 3D engine written in C++, and provides excellent performance. The downside of the Oolong engine is that it is difficult to use for those that are not familiar with OpenGL ES.

Oolong provides support for a wide variety of features, and very good performance, as I said my only problem with Oolong is that it is difficult to use. This is a low-level engine designed for programmers so if you’re just getting into game development I would stay away.

You will find the latest version on google code, there is very little documentation for Oolong, but the community is very active, and you can get answers to many of your questions there. I would recommend Oolong to those looking to create their own game engine looking for something to start with.
Uses the MIT license.

Irrlicht Engine
I mention Irrlicht here only because I received a message from someone stating that it was available on the iPhone. I know that it has been used in the creation of apps already available on the iPhone.

The Irrlicht game engine is a 3D game engine written in C++. While there is no official port available on the Irrlicht website for the iPhone with some tinkering I was able to get the OpenGL ES version running on the iPhone — somewhat. You will find the OpenGL ES version hidden away in the repository.

Irrlicht is an excellent open source engine that has support for an extremely wide variety of file formats, and has the best support for the “classic” BSP format that I've seen in an open source game engine. There are also numerous other tools that have been created for the engine.

All this being said, I can't recommend Irrlicht because there is no official port, and if you check out the forums there really is no one willing to provide help to those looking to get it running on the iPhone although some have created apps running on the iPhone.
The Irrlicht engine uses the Zlib license.

Haxe
Haxe is a multi-platform language that most notably compiles to SWF and has been used in many Flash games. Because of this ability to compile to SWF you can use Adobe's Flash builder for iOS tool to get your games on iOS devices. If you do things this way it suffers the same performance limitations that Flash CS5 iOS games currently suffer from. You can also compile straight to iOS devices, but you’ll need to hit up their mailing list to figure out exactly how to get things done, and do some figuring yourself.

Flixel
This is the port of a popular 2D Flixel Flash game framework to iOS Objective-C. So if you have developed a flash game using that framework this should be very helpful to you.

Flixel has not officially been released as an open source project however if you take a look at the release of the open source game MIT-licensed Canabalt you will find their first major attempt at porting the framework to iOS and could be potentially used in your code. There will likely be an open source release soon.



Together These Make One Excellent iPhone Game Tutorial

These tutorials are from 71 squared. They run through the steps to creating a game on the iPhone in tremendous detail, and include source code. Included are in-depth videos.

iPhone Game Programming – Tutorial 1

iPhone Game Programming – Tutorial 2: Image Class

iPhone Game Programming – Tutorial 3: SpriteSheet Class

iPhone Game Programming – Tutorial 4: Bitmap Font Class

iPhone Game Programming – Tutorial 5: Animation Class

iPhone Game Programming – Tutorial 6: Tiled Map Class

iPhone Game Programming – Tutorial 7: Singleton Class

iPhone Game Programming – Tutorial 8: Particle Emitter

iPhone Game Programming – Tutorial 9: Sound Manager

iPhone Game Programming – Tutorial 10: Game Structure

iPhone Game Programming – Tutorial 11: Joypad

In summary, I'd have to say Unity would be the best choice for 3D game engines, the community is unparalleled, and upgrades are frequent.  If you're looking for a free 2D game engine, it appears as though Cocos2D or Sparrow Framework is currently the ideal choice.

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